![]() ![]() This is an umbrella term used to cover multiple types of structural composite lumber, including oriented strand lumber (OSL), laminated strand lumber (LSL), laminated veneer lumber (LVL), and parallel strand lumber (PSL). They are generally chosen for their aesthetic appeal but come with a risk of warping or twisting over time, so they are best left as a non-structural beam for mounting tools or equipment. Timber, or sawn lumber, is a large section of a tree that is sometimes notched, squared, or shaved to retain their rustic or rough look. They are necessary for both exterior and load-bearing interior walls, so you’ll use them in your build. Headers are the weight-bearing beams situated over things like doors or windows. Decks, floors, and ceilings use joists in this way and are made with commercial lumber. Joists are the beams that run parallel to each other and support the horizontal structures. You’ll definitely want to use these if you have concrete or brick walls. The beams are “bonded” to the masonry with a system of embedded steel, usually rebar. Bond Beamsīond beams are unique to structures that use concrete or masonry for the walls. If you’re looking for more space above the garage, this is the way to go. Most of the Hip beams are wood, but steel is used more frequently to create a more livable space in attics. This style is distinguished by the multiple facets on the roof, as opposed to the two slopes on most structures. Hip beams, also known as Hip and Valley beams, are used to create a specific type of roof slant. When you have long spans but narrow spaces, these are a great solution. Steel is far stronger than wood but using just steel doesn’t always provide the width you need to meet up with other parts of the structure. The combination gives you the width and structural strength required. Wood and steel are sandwiched together to provide support while using less space than wood alone. In garages, they are often used as supports or tracks for lifts, hoists, or winches.įlitch beams are a wood and steel combination beam. They give their support to the walls of the house that sit on top of them. Steel I-beams are used in larger, more heavy-duty commercial buildings, but are also used in homes.Ĭontractors and carpenters usually place I-beams at the top of the foundation or basement walls. I-beams, so named for their shape that looks like a capital I, are made from wood or steel. This list can help you to figure out what materials and designs to use. Some materials can easily increase the load-bearing capabilities of your beams. The materials and type of beams used are also a factor in your building. They must support the weight of the structure and the elements such as snow, wind, and even rainwater.Īn undersized or improper beam can cause sagging or even the collapse of your structure. CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)īeams, whether they are for your ceiling, floors, or headers, are a robust structural component that is necessary for construction projects. With that information, you can cross-reference the length of your garage and determine the size. To find what size beams you will need, you need to know the spacing between ceiling joists. Let’s say you’re building a simple garage with light storage in the attic. Furthermore, you need to know your local building codes for a safe, legal structure. It’s wise to consult a structural engineer or contractor when designing a structure. If you live in an area with lots of snow or heavy winds, you’re going to have a different structural need than someone that lives in an arid, less windy environment. Every deck, home, garage, or shed will have different needs depending on the size, material, and even geographical location. ![]()
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